Alicyclics and Aromatics

Alicyclics:

Carbon chains can form two types of closed loops.
Alicyclics are loops usually made with single bonds.
   -If the parent chain is a loop standard naming rules apply with one addition, 'cyclo' is added in front of the parent chain.

There are 3 different ways to draw organic compounds.

Example:

Cyclohexane

Complete Structural Diagram


Condensed Structural Diagram

Line Diagram

Numbering can start anywhere and go clockwise or counter-clockwise on the loop but side chain numbers must be the lowest possible number.

Loops can also be a side chain.
Same rules apply but the side chain is given a cyclo-prefix.

Aromatics:

Benzene (C6H6) is a cyclic hydrocarbon with unique bonds between the carbon atoms.
Structurally, it can be drawn with alternating double bonds.
Careful analysis shows that all 6 C-C bonds are identical and represent a 1.5 bond.

  This is due to e- resonance.
                                                                   e- are free to move all around the ring.
Aromatic Nomenclature

A Benzene molecule is given a special diagram to show its unique bond structure.
Benzene can be a parent chain or a side chain.
     -As a side chain, it's given the name phenyl

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