Metric Units

Metric system

Tera     10(12)                                                  Deci      10(-1)

Giga      10(9)                                                    centi   10(-2)

Mega      10(6)                                                 milli     10(-3)

Kilo          10(3)                                               micro    10(-6)

Hecto      10(2)                                               Nano      10(-9)                                                      

Deca        10(1)                                              Pico         10(-12) 

                                                                        Femto       10(-15)

-gigabyte and megabyte = computers

-error is inescapable because of inaccurate measurements.

Meniscus= a curved surface of a liquid.

Error might occur in an experiment because of:

-inaccurate measurements

-measuring always involves estimation.

Measuring instruments are never completely free of flaws.

Absolute error=    (measurement – accepted)

Absolute percent=     (measurement – accepted %) x100

                                                 Accepted

-Reo

Classification of Matter

-Matters can be classified into Homogeneous substances & Heterogeneous substances
-Homogeneous: consists of only 1 visible component
  -e.g. water, oxygen, graphite, air, brass
-Heterogeneous: contains more than 1 visible component
  -e.g. granite, chocolate chip cookie, sand

                                                                   / Solution
                                      / Homo. Mixtures
            / Homogeneous                                    / Element (e.g. oxygen, Iron)
Matter                                \ Pure Substances
            \ Heterogeneous                                  \ Compound (e.g. water, sugar)
                                       \ Mechanical Mixtures



p.s. Solution   - 2 or more substances
                       - usually involves liquid (e.g. fog, steel)
                       - component in greater amount=solvent
                          - water is the most common solvent
                          - (aq) is used when sth is dissolved in water
                       - component in smaller amount=solute

Seperating Mixtures

-Many methods
    - By hand
    - Filtration      -->   Physical
    - Distillation   -->   Changes
    - Crystallization
    - Chromatography


By Stan K.

Physical vs Chemical Changes

Physical vs Chemical Change

Physical Change
-Involves changing shape or state of matter
-e.g. crushing, tearing etc.
-NO NEW SUBSTANCES ARE FORMED
-e.g. boiling water, cutting wood,smashing cars etc.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5Y452eiHC8

Phase Changes
 
 Chemical Change
-NEW SUBSTANCES ARE FORMED
-Properties of matter change
-Conductivity, acidity, colour etc.
-e.g. Iron rusting, burning wood.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I8aA7SjYsCA&feature=related

Physical and Chemical Change Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yjEDihEuZI

-Stanley

Balancing and Words Equations

Phase Symbols

• are subscripts that indicate the phase of the chemical
• s: solid
• l: liquid
• g: gas
• aq: dissolved in water/solution

Diatomic Molecules are molecules that contains two atoms : H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

Polyatomic Molecules are molecules that contains more than 2 atoms : P4, S8

H2O: can also be called HOH. H2O can also be called HOH because in some equations, they will use OH. Since to make balancing easier, HOH is use to make OH a whole instead of H and O.

Balancing Equations:




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnGu3xO2h74

-Candace

Lab Safety

Top Ten Lab Safety Rules:

1) Tie back long hair
2) Wear safety equipment
3) No open toed shoes
4) Waft, don't directly smell or sniff
5) Don't fool around
6)Put backpacks under tables
7) Don't mix chemicals unless instructed to
8) Don't use broken equipments
9) Wash your hands after doing a lab
10) Don't play with fire

Safety equipments includes safety goggles, lab coat, no open toed shoes and gloves.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6lOQ5_Vlok&feature=related

Acetone can break the organic bonds so it can disintegrate like a styroform cup. Acetone is used in nail polish remover and paint thinner.
-Candace

New Partners

Reo Takahashi and Stanley Kwong are added into this group

Hey

Hey, I'm Candace and I'm in Block E Chemistry Class